Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Thoracic Surgery II, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing 100142, China
Esophageal carcinoma is now the sixth most common cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. China, unfortunately, locates in the highest-risk area (often referred to as the “esophageal cancer belt”) spanning from northern Iran through the Central Asian republics and into northern China. The high prevalence areas spread from south to north in China. In the highest prevalence areas, the crude incidence of esophageal cancer can even reach more than 100/100,000, nearly 7 times that of the whole country. More than 210,000 patients die from esophageal cancer in China every year, accounting for half of the esophageal cancer-related death worldwide. It is currently one of the most threatening cancers for Chinese people.
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